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What is SSL/TLS?
TLS (Transport Layer Security) and SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) are cryptographic protocols that allow an FTP client to make a secure connection to a server with SSL capabilities. The server sends the client a certificate and a public key for encryption. If the client accepts or trusts the server certificate, a secure connection can be established. Data passing between the client and server is then encrypted.
When both a client and server support SSL or TLS, security is enabled through a sequence of commands passed between the two systems. FTP provides two mechanisms for initiating this sequence.
Explicit Security
The FTP client issues a specific command, such as AUTH SSL or AUTH TLS, after connecting to the FTP server. The default FTP server port is used.
Implicit Security
Security is enabled as soon as the FTP client connects to the server. The FTP server defines a specific port, normally 990, for secure connections.
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